{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = 158 |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|G|04|0|g|00}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|323.61}} |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = neuro |
eMedicineTopic = 500 |
MeshID = D004673 |
}}
'''Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis''' ('''ADEM''') is an immune mediated [[disease]] of [[human brain|brain]]. It usually occurs following a [[virus (biology)|viral]] [[infection]] or [[vaccination]], but it may also appear spontaneously. It is similar in some ways to [[multiple sclerosis]], and is considered part of the [[Multiple sclerosis borderline]].

There are multiple inflammatory cell deposits in the brain, particularly in the section
called [[white matter]]. Although it occurs in all ages, most reported cases are in children and [[Adolescence|adolescents]].

==Presentation==
It has an abrupt onset and a monophasic course. Symptoms usually begin 1-3 weeks after infection or vaccination. Major symptoms include [[fever]], [[headache]], drowsiness, [[seizure]]s and [[coma]]. Although initially the symptoms are usually mild, later in the course of the disease patients may even die, if they are not treated properly. Some patients recover completely, while others have permanent neurological impairments.

==Treatment==
The first treatment is usually [[steroid]]s and [[intensive care]] is often required.

== External links ==
*[http://www.adem.org Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)Information page-> including pathogenesis/aetiology/treatment/prognosis] at adem.org
* [http://www.myelitis.org/adem.htm Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)] at myelitis.org
* {{cite journal |author=Murthy J |title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |journal=Neurology India |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=238-43 |year=2002 |pmid=12391446 |url=http://www.neurologyindia.com/article.asp?issn=0028-3886;year=2002;volume=50;issue=3;spage=238;epage=43;aulast=Murthy}}


{{Multiple sclerosis}}


{{Diseases of the nervous system}}


[[Category:multiple sclerosis]]
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]
[[Category:Neurological disorders]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]

[[de:Akute disseminierte Enzephalomyelitis]]
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[[fi:Akuutti disseminoitunut enkefalomyeliitti]]