:''For the province of Iraq see [[Al Anbar Governorate]]''

'''Anbar''' ({{ArB|الأنبار}}) was a town in [[Iraq]], at lat. 33 deg. 22' N., long. 43 deg. 49' E, on the east bank of the [[Euphrates]], just south of the Nahr Isa, or Sakhlawieh [[canal]], the northernmost of the canals connecting that river with the [[Tigris]].

Anbar was originally called '''Firuz Shapur''', or '''Perisapora''' and was founded circa [[350]] [[AD]] by [[Shapur II]], [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanid]] king of [[Persia]]. Perisapora was captured and destroyed by Emperor [[Julian the Apostate|Julian]] in [[363]], but speedily rebuilt. The town became a refuge for the [[Arab]], [[Christianity|Christian]], and [[Jew]]ish colonies of that region, and there are said to have been 90,000 Jews there at the time of its capture by [[Ali ibn Abi Talib]] in [[657]].

The Arabs changed the name of the town to Anbar ("[[granaries]]"). [[As-Saffah|Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah]], the founder of the [[Abbasid]] caliphate, made it his capital, and such it remained until the founding of [[Baghdad]] in [[762]].

It continued to be a place of much importance throughout the Abbasid period, but now it is entirely deserted, occupied only by ruin mounds. The great number of these indicates the former importance of the city.

==References==
*{{1911}}

{{Iraq-geo-stub}}

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[[Category:Cities and towns in Iraq]]

[[fr:Al-Anbar]]
[[he:פירוז שבור]]