Apple_I

{| class ="wikitable" align="right" width=250

|colspan=2|[[Image:Apple I.jpg|250px|Apple I computer]]
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!<font face=Georgia>colspan=2 style="color: white; background: gray;"|Apple I
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|width="40%"|'''Manufacturer'''||[[Apple Inc.|Apple Computer]]
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|'''Type'''||[[Personal computer]]
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|'''Casing'''||None
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|'''Production'''||July, [[1976]]
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|'''Discontinued'''||March, [[1977]]
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|'''CPU'''||[[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] @ [[megahertz|1 MHz]]
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|'''RAM'''||4 [[kilobyte|KB]] standard<br>expandable to 8 KB<br>or 48 KB using expansion cards
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|'''Graphics'''||40×24 characters<br>Hardware-implemented scrolling
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|'''Succesor'''||[[Apple II series]]
|}

The '''Apple I''', also known as the '''Apple-1''', was an early [[personal computer]]. It was designed by [[Steve Wozniak]] for personal use. Wozniak's friend [[Steve Jobs]] had the idea of selling the computer. The Apple I was [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]'s first product, demonstrated in April 1976 at the Homebrew Computer Club in Palo Alto, California. It went on sale in July 1976 at a price of $666.66, reportedly because Wozniak liked repeating digits and because they originally sold it to a local shop for $500 and added a one-third markup. About 200 units were produced. Unlike other hobbyist computers of its day, which were sold as kits, the Apple I was a fully assembled circuit board containing about 30 chips. However, to make a working computer, users still had to add a case, power supply, keyboard, and display. An optional board providing a cassette interface for storage was later released at a cost of $75.

The Apple I is sometimes credited as the first personal computer to be sold in fully assembled form; however, some argue that the honor rightfully belongs to other machines, such as the [[MOS Technology]] [[KIM-1]], [[Datapoint 2200]], or more commonly the [[Altair 8800]] (which could be bought in kit or assembled form for extra cost). One major difference setting the Apple I apart---it was the first personal computer to use a keyboard.

[[Image:Woz_notebook.png|left|180px|thumb|Excerpt from Apple 1 design manual, including [[Steve Wozniak]]'s handwritten diagrams]]
The Apple I's built-in [[computer terminal]] circuitry was distinctive. All one needed was a [[Keyboard (computing)|keyboard]] and an inexpensive [[video monitor]]. Competing machines such as the Altair 8800 generally were programmed with front-mounted toggle switches and used indicator lights (red [[light-emitting diode|LED]]s, most commonly) for output, and had to be extended with separate hardware to allow connection to a computer terminal or a [[ASR33|teletype machine]]. This made the Apple I an innovative machine for its day. It was discontinued in March 1977, when it was replaced with the [[Apple II]], which added graphics and sound capabilities.

As of [[as of 2008|2008]], an estimated 30 to 50 Apple Is are still known to exist, making it a [[collector's item]]. An Apple I reportedly sold for $50,000 at auction in 1999; however, a more typical price for an Apple I is in the $14,000–$16,000 range. A software-compatible clone of the Apple I ([[Replica 1]]) produced using modern components, was released in 2003 at a price of around $200.

==References==
{{Refbegin}}
* Price, Rob, So Far:the First Ten Years of a Vision, Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA, 1987, ISBN 1-55693-974-4
* Owad, Tom (2005). ''[http://www.applefritter.com/replica Apple I Replica Creation: Back to the Garage.]'' Rockland, MA: Syngress Publishing. Copyright © 2005. ISBN 1-931836-40-X
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{commonscat|Apple I}}
*[http://www.applefritter.com/apple1 Apple I Owners Club]
*[http://lowendmac.com/orchard/05/0509.html Macintosh Prehistory: The Apple I]
*[http://www.brielcomputers.com The Replica-1 The original Apple 1 clone]
*[http://www.achatz.nl A-ONE a new Apple 1 clone]
*[http://www.sbprojects.com/projects/apple1/ My Apple I project on www.sbprojects.com]
*[http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Apple/Apple.AppleI.1976.102646518.pdf Apple I Operational Manual]
{{Apple hardware before 1998}}

[[Category:1976 introductions]]
[[Category:Apple II family|I]]
[[Category:Apple Inc. hardware]]
[[Category:Early microcomputers]]
[[Category:Industrial design examples]]

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