def phi(x)
# constants
a1 = 0.254829592
a2 = -0.284496736
a3 = 1.421413741
a4 = -1.453152027
a5 = 1.061405429
p = 0.3275911
# Save the sign of x
sign = 1
if x < 0
sign = -1
end
x = x.abs/Math.sqrt(2.0)
# A&S formula 7.1.26
t = 1.0/(1.0 + p*x)
y = 1.0 - (((((a5*t + a4)*t) + a3)*t + a2)*t + a1)*t*Math.exp(-x*x)
return 0.5*(1.0 + sign*y)
end